NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Main Course Book (MCB) Chapter 15

Unit-4 : Solutions of Questions on Page Number : 133

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Main Course Book (MCB) Chapter 15

Q1 : On the basis of your reading of the news story, complete the following table after a group discussion.

Answer :

Q2 : Now imagine you are in charge of a mountaineering expedition to Mount Everest. You have to address the first time climbers. Write the instructions that you would give to the climbers on keeping the track clean besides giving instructions on safety measures. Instruct how they can contribute in preventing the Everest from becoming, “The highest junkyard in the world”.
What tense is commonly used in writing imperative sentences?
(a) Present Continuous
(b) Simple Past
(c) Simple Present
Answer :
(c)Simple Present

Q3 : Now imagine you are in charge of a mountaineering expedition to Mount Everest. You have to address the first time climbers. Write the instructions that you would give to the climbers on keeping the track clean besides giving instructions on safety measures. Instruct how they can contribute in preventing the Everest from becoming, “The highest junkyard in the world”.
Where do verbs most commonly come in these instructions?
(a) At the beginning of a sentence or a clause
(b) In the middle of a sentence or a clause
Answer :
(a) At the beginning of a sentence or a clause

Q4 : Now imagine you are in charge of a mountaineering expedition to Mount Everest. You have to address the first time climbers. Write the instructions that you would give to the climbers on keeping the track clean besides giving instructions on safety measures. Instruct how they can contribute in preventing the Everest from becoming, “The highest junkyard in the world”.
How long are the sentences?
(a) Very long
(b) Mixed length
(c) Short
Answer :
(b) Mixed length

Q5 : Now imagine you are in charge of a mountaineering expedition to Mount Everest. You have to address the first time climbers. Write the instructions that you would give to the climbers on keeping the track clean besides giving instructions on safety measures. Instruct how they can contribute in preventing the Everest from becoming, “The highest junkyard in the world”.
Why are the instructions so written /given?
(a) So that the reader can understand more easily
(b) So that the writer can write more easily
Answer :
(a) So that the reader can understand more easily

Q6 : Now imagine you are in charge of a mountaineering expedition to Mount Everest. You have to address the first time climbers. Write the instructions that you would give to the climbers on keeping the track clean besides giving instructions on safety measures. Instruct how they can contribute in preventing the Everest from becoming, “The highest junkyard in the world”.
What is the order of the instructions?
(a) Mixed order
(b) The order in which the instructions have to be carried out
Answer :
(b) The order in which the instructions have to be carried out

Q7 : Now imagine you are in charge of a mountaineering expedition to Mount Everest. You have to address the first time climbers. Write the instructions that you would give to the climbers on keeping the track clean besides giving instructions on safety measures. Instruct how they can contribute in preventing the Everest from becoming, “The highest junkyard in the world”.
Are the instructions numbered?
(a) No
(b) Yes
Answer :
(b) Yes

Q8 : Design a poster urging mountaineers to preserve the pristine glory of the mountainsides. Work in groups of 4-5
Answer :
This question is to be answered on the basis of your own understanding, experience and thoughts. It is strongly recommended that you prepare the solution on your own.

Q9 : Design a poster urging mountaineers to preserve the pristine glory of the mountainsides. Work in groups of 4-5
Answer :
This question is to be answered on the basis of your own understanding, experience and thoughts. It is strongly recommended that you prepare the solution on your own.

Q10 : Complete the tree of environment:
Need to rehabilitate the Environment

• Things that came from the environment_______________
• People did not get them because _________________
• Therefore __________________________

Protecting forested mountains

• Source of ______________________________
• Deforestation leads to __________________
• Hence government must _______________

Good Management of Natural Resources

• Degraded environment results in _______
• It leads to ___________________ and
• Good management of natural resources means ____________________
• It is essential for _______________________
• Good management possible only when we have ___________________

Answer :

Q11 : What changes in the environment had Wangari Maathai noticed after growing up?
Answer :
Fifty years ago, when Wangari was a child, the environment was very pristine, very green and very beautiful. As her land was a British colony then, the government started clearing forested mountains to establish commercial plantation of exotic species of trees such as pine, from northern hemisphere and eucalyptus from Australia. Though these trees helped them grow in commercial timber industry, they destroyed the local biodiversity, local flora and fauna.

Q12 : What is the importance of indigenous flora and fauna?
Answer :
The indigenous flora and fauna or the local forest mountains, which were the water towers with local biodiversity retaining water in the soil, were no longer able to contain water. Later, when it rained, the water ran downstream and ended up in the lakes and oceans instead of going down into the underground reservoir so that it could come back in the form of rivers. It was observed that not only did the rain patterns change and become less, but also the rivers started drying up. There was a huge loss of local biological diversity. This caused a lot of damage to the environment.

Q13 : How did the campaign to save environment lead to the empowerment of women?
Answer :
When the first United Nation’s Conference for Women was held in 1975 in Mexico, women were saying, “We need food, we need water, we need clean drinking water, we need fodder for our animals.” So, when Mathai started off with her campaign to plant trees, she came to know how illiterate the local women were when they faced problems in understanding how to plant trees. Later, they were taught by professionals. It was extremely difficult in the beginning. However, with time, the local women grew confident. As they were dealing with environment, the locals were delivered with education both in civics and also in environment. Thus, the idea of getting ordinary, illiterate woman understand and be able to plant trees that in five or ten years became big trees was a huge transformation. She was able to cut them and be able to give herself energy and also was able to sell those trees and give herself an income. She was confident to be able to have felt confident that she had done something for herself. That sense of pride, sense of dignity that they are not begging, that they are doing things for themselves was very empowering. That transformation was very powerful.

Q14 : What transformation did Wangari Mathai see in people and the environment?
Answer :
The civic and environmental education led to literacy of natives, especially women. The empowerment of women was an automatic reaction due to the efforts of Wangari Mathai, to save the local biological diversity of her native place in Mexico. People grew more aware of why they needed to save their environment and got the idea of sustainable development and its benefits.
Besides the transformation of populace, the landscape was transformed again for the good of the local land. There was no more dust. Instead, now, there were trees and birds and even rabbits coming and going, making the environment all the more beautiful. There was shade and sometimes even dry springs came back because the water did not run, it went into the ground- a very profound transformation.
Now, the people were willing to fight for their rights, to decide that they have a right to a good clean environment, to decide that they will fight for their forests, they will protect their forests. Now they will not allow corrupt leaders to take their public land.

Q15 : Match the ‘environment words’ with their meanings.

Answer :
The correctly matched words are given below:

Q16 : After reading the interview of Wangari Maathai, you are inspired and motivated to do a summer training under her at one of the Research Stations. Write an email to Wangari Mathai. In your mail describe Wangari’s influence on you and your desire to work under her and why you should be given a chance to work under her.
Answer :
This question is to be answered on the basis of your own understanding, experience and thoughts. It is strongly recommended that you prepare the solution on your own. However, a sample solution has been provided for your reference.
From:
To: Wangarimaathai@dmail.com
Date: January 2, 2013
Subject: Permission to attend training under your supervision at ‘BIO’
Dear Ma’am,
I recently attended one of your interviews at Phillips Embassy and got deeply motivated and enthusiastic by your opinions on saving our Mother Earth from various demons like pollution from industries, tourists, etc which are destroying our local biological diversity. I strongly favor the motion of taking some serious actions to preserve our fast disappearing flora and fauna. Your speech on empowering and educating women encouraged me to a great deal.
I am writing this mail to you in anticipation of working under your supervision in one of your projects in ‘BIO’ Reserves Research Station. I have worked under the Jan Morcha Movement which recently launched a project to plant trees and make reservoirs to preserve water from rainfall. I have also written articles on the threat which advanced technological developments hold to our nature. I am enclosing my CV with all my details of accomplishments till date. Hope you find me worth it. I would be highly obliged for the same.
Thanking you
Regards,
ABC