Exercise : Solutions of Questions on Page Number : 87 Q1 : Why are rules and regulations required in the marketplace? Illustrate with a few examples. Answer : Rules and regulations are required in the marketplace to protect consumers. Sellers often abdicate responsibility for a low-quality product, cheat in weighing out goods, add extra charges over the retail price, and sell adulterated/ defective goods. Hence, rules and regulations are needed to protect the scattered buyers from powerful and fewer producers who monopolise markets. For example, a grocery shop owner might sell expired products, and then blame the customer for not…
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Exercise : Solutions of Questions on Page Number : 52 Q1 : In situations with high risks, credit might create further problems for the borrower. Explain. Answer : In situations with high risks, credit might create further problems for the borrower. This is also known as a debt-trap. Taking credit involves an interest rate on the loan and if this is not paid back, then the borrower is forced to give up his collateral or asset used as the guarantee, to the lender. Thus, in situations with high risks, if the risks affect a borrower badly, then he ends up…
Exercise : Solutions of Questions on Page Number : 35 Q1 : Fill in the blanks using the correct option given in the bracket: (i) Employment in the service sector _________ increased to the same extent as production. (has / has not) (ii) Workers in the _________ sector do not produce goods. (tertiary / agricultural) (iii) Most of the workers in the _________ sector enjoy job security. (organised / unorganised) (iv) A _________ proportion of labourers in India are working in the unorganised sector. (large / small) (v) Cotton is a _________ product and cloth is a _________ product. (natural…
Exercise : Solutions of Questions on Page Number : 16 Q1 : Development of a country can generally be determined by (i) its per capita income (ii) its average literacy level (iii) health status of its people (iv) all the above Answer : (i) its per capita income Q2 : Which of the following neighbouring countries has better performance in terms of human development than India? (i) Bangladesh (ii) Sri Lanka (iii) Nepal (iv) Pakistan Answer : (ii) Sri Lanka Q3 : Assume there are four families in a country. The average per capita income of these families is Rs…
Write in brief discuss : Solutions of Questions on Page Number : 200 Q1 : Explain the following: (a) Social changes in Britain which led to an increase in women readers (b) What actions of Robinson Crusoe make us see him as a typical coloniser. (c) After 1740, the readership of novels began to include poorer people. (d) Novelists in colonial India wrote for a political cause. Answer : (a) As the middle classes became more affluent, women got more leisure time to read and write novels. Also, novels began to explore the world of women, their emotions, identities, experiences…
Write in briefdiscuss : Solutions of Questions on Page Number : 176 Q1 : Give reasons for the following: (a) Woodblock print only came to Europe after 1295. (b) Martin Luther was in favour of print and spoke out in praise of it. (c) The Roman Catholic Church began keeping an Index of Prohibited books from the mid-sixteenth century. (d) Gandhi said the fight for Swaraj is a fight for liberty of speech, liberty of the press, and freedom of association. Answer : (a) Woodblock print was invented around the sixth century in China. It came to Europe, along with…
Write in brief discuss : Solutions of Questions on Page Number : 150 Q1 : Give two reasons why the population of London expanded from the middle of the eighteenth century. Answer : The city of London was a magnet for the migrant populations due to the job opportunities provided by its dockyards and industries. By 1750, one out of every nine people of England and Wales lived in London. So, the population of London kept expanding through the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. During the first world war, London began manufacturing motor cars and electrical goods. This increased the number…
Write in brief discuss : Solutions of Questions on Page Number : 126 Q1 : Explain the following: (a) Women workers in Britain attacked the Spinning Jenny. (b) In the seventeenth century merchants from towns in Europe began employing peasants and artisans within the villages. (c) The port of Surat declined by the end of the eighteenth century. (d) The East India Company appointed gomasthas to supervise weavers in India. Answer : (a) Women workers in Britain attacked the Spinning Jenny because it speeded up the spinning process, and consequently, reduced labour demand. This caused a valid fear of unemployment…
Write in briefdiscuss : Solutions of Questions on Page Number : 102 Q1 : Give two examples of different types of global exchanges which took place before the seventeenth century, choosing one example from Asia and one from the Americas. Answer : Examples of the different types of global exchanges which took place before the seventeenth century: 1) Textiles, spices and Chinese pottery were exchanged by China, India and Southeast Asia in return for gold and silver from Europe. 2) Gold and foods such as potatoes, soya, groundnuts, tomatoes and chillies were first exported from the Americas to Europe. Q2…
Write in brief discuss : Solutions of Questions on Page Number : 74 Q1 : Explain: (a) Why growth of nationalism in the colonies is linked to an anti-colonial movement. (b) How the First World War helped in the growth of the National Movement in India. (c) Why Indians were outraged by the Rowlatt Act. (d) Why Gandhiji decided to withdraw the Non-Cooperation Movement. Answer : (a) Colonisation affected people’s freedom, and nationalist sentiments surged during the process of struggle against imperial domination. The sense of oppression and exploitation became a common bond for people from different walks of life,…