Exercise 2.1 : Solutions of Questions on Page Number : 23
Q1 : Solve: x – 2 = 7
Answer :
x – 2 = 7
Transposing 2 to R.H.S, we obtain
x = 7 + 2 = 9
Q2 : Solve: y + 3 = 10
Answer :
y + 3 = 10
Transposing 3 to R.H.S, we obtain
y = 10 – 3 = 7
Q3 : Solve: 6 = z + 2
Answer :
6 = z + 2
Transposing 2 to L.H.S, we obtain
6 – 2 = z
z = 4
Q4 : Solve:
Answer :
Transposing 
to R.H.S, we obtain
Q5 : Solve: 6x=12
Answer :
6x = 12
Dividing both sides by 6, we obtain
x = 2
Q6 : Solve:
Answer :
Multiplying both sides by 5, we obtain
Q7 : Solve:
Answer :
Multiplying both sides by
, we obtain
Q8 : Solve:
Answer :
Multiplying both sides by 1.5, we obtain
Q9 :Solve: 7x – 9 = 16
Answer :
7x – 9 = 16
Transposing 9 to R.H.S, we obtain
7x = 16 + 9
7x = 25
Dividing both sides by 7, we obtain
Q10 : Solve: 14y – 8 = 13
Answer :
14y – 8 = 13
Transposing 8 to R.H.S, we obtain
14y = 13 + 8
14y = 21
Dividing both sides by 14, we obtain
Q11 :Solve: 17 + 6p = 9
Answer :
17 + 6p = 9
Transposing 17 to R.H.S, we obtain
6p = 9 – 17
6p = – 8
Dividing both sides by 6, we obtain
Q12 :Solve:
Answer :
Transposing 1 to R.H.S, we obtain
Multiplying both sides by 3, we obtain
Exercise 2.2 : Solutions of Questions on Page Number : 28
Q1 :If you subtract
from a number and multiply the result by, you get
. What is the number?
Answer :
Let the number be x. According to the question,
On multiplying both sides by 2, we obtain
On transposing to R.H.S, we obtain
Therefore, the number is
.
Q2 :The perimeter of a rectangular swimming pool is 154 m. Its length is 2 m more than twice its breadth. What are the length and the breadth of the pool?
Answer :
Let the breadth be x m. The length will be (2x + 2) m.
Perimeter of swimming pool = 2(l + b) = 154 m
2(2x + 2 + x) = 154
2(3x + 2) = 154
Dividing both sides by 2, we obtain
3x + 2 = 77
On transposing 2 to R.H.S, we obtain
3x = 77 – 2
3x = 75
On dividing both sides by 3, we obtain
x = 25
2x + 2 = 2 × 25 + 2 = 52
Hence, the breadth and length of the pool are 25 m and 52 m respectively.
Q3 :The base of an isosceles triangle is 
cm. The perimeter of the triangle is 
cm. What is the length of either of the remaining equal sides?
Answer :
Let the length of equal sides be x cm.
Perimeter = x cm + x cm + Base =cm
On transposing to R.H.S, we obtain
On dividing both sides by 2, we obtain
Therefore, the length of equal sides is 
cm.
Q4 :Sum of two numbers is 95. If one exceeds the other by 15, find the numbers.
Answer :
Let one number be x. Therefore, the other number will be x+ 15.
According to the question,
x + x + 15 = 95
2x + 15 = 95
On transposing 15 to R.H.S, we obtain
2x = 95 – 15
2x = 80
On dividing both sides by 2, we obtain
x = 40
x + 15 = 40 + 15 = 55
Hence, the numbers are 40 and 55.
Q5 :Two numbers are in the ratio 5:3. If they differ by 18, what are the numbers?
Answer :
Let the common ratio between these numbers be x. Therefore, the numbers will be 5xand 3xrespectively.
Difference between these numbers = 18
5x – 3x= 18
2x= 18
Dividing both sides by 2,
x = 9
First number = 5x= 5 × 9 = 45
Second number = 3x= 3 × 9 = 27
Q6 :Three consecutive integers add up to 51. What are these integers?
Answer :
Let three consecutive integers bex, x+ 1, and x+ 2.
Sum of these numbers = x+ x+ 1 + x + 2 = 51
3x+ 3 = 51
On transposing 3 to R.H.S, we obtain
3x= 51 – 3
3x= 48
On dividing both sides by 3, we obtain
x= 16
x+ 1 = 17
x+ 2 = 18
Hence, the consecutive integers are 16, 17, and 18.
Q7 :The sum of three consecutive multiples of 8 is 888. Find the multiples.
Answer :
Let the three consecutive multiples of 8 be 8x, 8(x + 1), 8(x + 2).
Sum of these numbers =8x + 8(x+ 1) + 8(x+ 2) = 888
8(x+ x + 1 +x + 2) = 888
8(3x+ 3) = 888
On dividing both sides by 8, we obtain
3x+ 3 = 111
On transposing 3 to R.H.S, we obtain
3x= 111 – 3
3x= 108
On dividing both sides by 3, we obtain
x= 36
First multiple = 8x = 8 × 36 = 288
Second multiple = 8(x + 1) = 8 × (36 + 1) = 8 × 37 = 296
Third multiple = 8(x + 2) = 8 × (36 + 2) = 8 × 38 = 304
Hence, the required numbers are 288, 296, and 304.
Q8 :Three consecutive integers are such that when they are taken in increasing order and multiplied by 2, 3 and 4 respectively, they add up to 74. Find these numbers.
Answer :
Let three consecutive integers be x, x + 1, x+ 2. According to the question,
2x + 3(x+ 1) + 4(x+ 2) = 74
2x+ 3x + 3 + 4x + 8 = 74
9x+ 11 = 74
On transposing 11 to R.H.S, we obtain
9x= 74 – 11
9x= 63
On dividing both sides by 9, we obtain
x= 7
x+ 1 = 7 + 1 = 8
x+ 2 = 7 + 2 = 9
Hence, the numbers are 7, 8, and 9.
Q9 :The ages of Rahul and Haroon are in the ratio 5:7. Four years later the sum of their ages will be 56 years. What are their present ages?
Answer :
Let common ratio between Rahul’s age and Haroon’s age be x.
Therefore, age of Rahul and Haroon will be 5xyears and 7xyears respectively. After 4 years, the age of Rahul and Haroon will be (5x + 4) years and (7x + 4) years respectively.
According to the given question, after 4 years, the sum of the ages of Rahul and Haroon is 56 years.
∴ (5x + 4 + 7x + 4) = 56
12x + 8 = 56
On transposing 8 to R.H.S, we obtain
12x= 56 – 8
12x= 48
On dividing both sides by 12, we obtain
x= 4
Rahul’s age = 5xyears = (5 × 4) years = 20 years
Haroon’s age = 7xyears = (7 × 4) years = 28 years
Q10 :The number of boys and girls in a class are in the ratio 7:5. The number of boys is 8 more than the number of girls. What is the total class strength?
Answer :
Let the common ratio between the number of boys and numbers of girls be x.
Number of boys = 7x
Number of girls = 5x
According to the given question,
Number of boys = Number of girls + 8
∴ 7x = 5x + 8
On transposing 5x to L.H.S, we obtain
7x – 5x = 8
2x = 8
On dividing both sides by 2, we obtain
x = 4
Number of boys = 7x = 7 × 4 = 28
Number of girls = 5x = 5 × 4 = 20
Hence, total class strength = 28 + 20 = 48 students
Q11 :Baichung’s father is 26 years younger than Baichung’s grandfather and 29 years older than Baichung. The sum of the ages of all the three is 135 years. What is the age of each one of them?
Answer :
Let Baichung’s father’s age be x years. Therefore, Baichung’s age and Baichung’s grandfather’s age will be (x – 29) years and (x + 26) years respectively.
According to the given question, the sum of the ages of these 3 people is 135 years.
∴ x + x – 29 + x + 26 = 135
3x – 3 = 135
On transposing 3 to R.H.S, we obtain
3x = 135 + 3
3x = 138
On dividing both sides by 3, we obtain
x = 46
Baichung’s father’s age = x years = 46 years
Baichung’s age = (x – 29) years = (46 – 29) years = 17 years
Baichung’s grandfather’s age = (x + 26) years = (46 + 26) years = 72 years
Q12 : Fifteen years from now Ravi’s age will be four times his present age. What is Ravi’s present age?
Answer :
Let Ravi’s present age be x years.
Fifteen years later, Ravi’s age = 4 × His present age
x + 15 = 4x
On transposing x to R.H.S, we obtain
15 = 4x − x
15 = 3x
On dividing both sides by 3, we obtain
5 = x
Hence,
Ravi’s present age = 5 years
Q13 :A rational number is such that when you multiply it by 
and add 
to the product, you get
. What is the number?
Answer :
Let the number be x.
According to the given question,
On transposing to R.H.S, we obtain
On multiplying both sides by
, we obtain
Hence, the rational number is
.
Q14 :Lakshmi is a cashier in a bank. She has currency notes of denominations Rs 100, Rs 50 and Rs 10, respectively. The ratio of the number of these notes is 2:3:5. The total cash with Lakshmi is Rs 4, 00,000. How many notes of each denomination does she have?
Answer :
Let the common ratio between the numbers of notes of different denominations be x. Therefore, numbers of Rs 100 notes, Rs 50 notes, and Rs 10 notes will be2x, 3x, and 5x respectively.
Amount of Rs 100 notes = Rs (100 x 2x) = Rs 200x
Amount of Rs 50 notes = Rs (50 x 3x)= Rs 150x
Amount of Rs 10 notes = Rs (10 x 5x) = Rs 50x
It is given that total amount is Rs 400000.
∴ 200x + 150x + 50x = 400000
⇒ 400x = 400000
On dividing both sides by 400, we obtain
x = 1000
Number of Rs 100 notes = 2x = 2 x 1000 = 2000
Number of Rs 50 notes = 3x = 3 x 1000 = 3000
Number of Rs 10 notes = 5x = 5 x 1000 = 5000
Q15 :I have a total of Rs 300 in coins of denomination Re 1, Rs 2 and Rs 5. The number of Rs 2 coins is 3 times the number of Rs 5 coins. The total number of coins is 160. How many coins of each denomination are with me?
Answer :
Let the number of Rs 5 coins be x.
Number of Rs 2 coins = 3 × Number of Rs 5 coins = 3x
Number of Re 1 coins = 160 – (Number of coins of Rs 5 and of Rs 2)
= 160 – (3x + x) = 160 – 4x
Amount of Re 1 coins = Rs [1 × (160 – 4x)] = Rs (160 – 4x)
Amount of Rs 2 coins = Rs (2 × 3x)= Rs 6x
Amount of Rs 5 coins = Rs (5 × x) = Rs 5x
It is given that the total amount is Rs 300.
∴ 160 – 4x + 6x + 5x = 300
160 + 7x = 300
On transposing 160 to R.H.S, we obtain
7x = 300 – 160
7x = 140
On dividing both sides by 7, we obtain
x = 20
Number of Re 1 coins = 160 – 4x = 160 – 4 × 20 = 160 – 80 = 80
Number of Rs 2 coins = 3x = 3 × 20 = 60
Number of Rs 5 coins = x = 20
Q16 :The organizers of an essay competition decide that a winner in the competition gets a prize of Rs 100 and a participant who does not win gets a prize of Rs 25. The total prize money distributed is Rs 3000. Find the number of winners, if the total number of participants is 63.
Answer :
Let the number of winners be x. Therefore, the number of participants who did not win will be 63 – x.
Amount given to the winners = Rs (100 × x) = Rs 100x
Amount given to the participants who did not win = Rs [25(63 – x)]
= Rs (1575 – 25x)
According to the given question,
100x + 1575 – 25x = 3000
On transposing 1575 to R.H.S, we obtain
75x = 3000 – 1575
75x = 1425
On dividing both sides by 75, we obtain
x = 19
Hence, number of winners = 19
Exercise 2.3 : Solutions of Questions on Page Number : 30
Q1 :Solve and check result: 3x = 2x + 18
Answer :
3x = 2x + 18
On transposing 2x to L.H.S, we obtain
3x – 2x = 18
x = 18
L.H.S = 3x = 3 x 18 = 54
R.H.S = 2x + 18 = 2 x 18 + 18 = 36 + 18 = 54
L.H.S. = R.H.S.
Hence, the result obtained above is correct.
Q2 :Solve and check result: 5t – 3 = 3t – 5
Answer :
5t – 3 = 3t – 5
On transposing 3t to L.H.S and -3 to R.H.S, we obtain
5t – 3t = -5 – (-3)
2t = -2
On dividing both sides by 2, we obtain
t = -1
L.H.S = 5t – 3 = 5 x (-1) – 3 = -8
R.H.S = 3t – 5 = 3 x (-1) – 5 = – 3 – 5 = -8
L.H.S. = R.H.S.
Hence, the result obtained above is correct.
Q3 :Solve and check result: 5x + 9 = 5 + 3x
Answer :
5x + 9 = 5 + 3x
On transposing 3x to L.H.S and 9 to R.H.S, we obtain
5x – 3x = 5 – 9
2x = -4
On dividing both sides by 2, we obtain
x = -2
L.H.S = 5x + 9 = 5 x (-2) + 9 = -10 + 9 = -1
R.H.S = 5 + 3x = 5 + 3 x (-2) = 5 – 6 = -1
L.H.S. = R.H.S.
Hence, the result obtained above is correct.
Q4 :Solve and check result: 4z + 3 = 6 + 2z
Answer :
4z + 3 = 6 + 2z
On transposing 2z to L.H.S and 3 to R.H.S, we obtain
4z – 2z = 6 – 3
2z = 3
Dividing both sides by 2, we obtain
L.H.S = 4z + 3 = 4 × 
+ 3 = 6 + 3 = 9
R.H.S = 6 + 2z = 6 + 2 × = 6 + 3 = 9
L.H.S. = R.H.S.
Hence, the result obtained above is correct.
Q5 :Solve and check result: 2x – 1 = 14 – x
Answer :
2x – 1 = 14 – x
Transposing x to L.H.S and 1 to R.H.S, we obtain
2x + x = 14 + 1
3x = 15
Dividing both sides by 3, we obtain
x = 5
L.H.S = 2x – 1 = 2 x (5) – 1 = 10 – 1 = 9
R.H.S = 14 – x = 14 – 5 = 9
L.H.S. = R.H.S.
Hence, the result obtained above is correct.
Q6 :Solve and check result: 8x + 4 = 3(x – 1) + 7
Answer :
8x + 4 = 3(x – 1) + 7
8x + 4 = 3x – 3 + 7
Transposing 3x to L.H.S and 4 to R.H.S, we obtain
8x – 3x = – 3 + 7 – 4
5x = – 7 + 7
L.H.S = 8x + 4 = 8 × (0) + 4 = 4
R.H.S = 3(x – 1) + 7 = 3 (0 – 1) + 7 = – 3 + 7 = 4
L.H.S. = R.H.S.
Hence, the result obtained above is correct.
Q7 :Solve and check result:
Answer :
Multiplying both sides by 5, we obtain
5x = 4(x + 10)
5x = 4x + 40
Transposing 4x to L.H.S, we obtain
5x – 4x = 40
x = 40
L.H.S = x = 40
R.H.S = 
=
L.H.S. = R.H.S.
Hence, the result obtained above is correct.
Q8 :Solve and check result:
Answer :
Transposing 
to L.H.S and 1 to R.H.S, we obtain
Multiplying both sides by 5, we obtain
x = 10
L.H.S =
=
R.H.S =
L.H.S. = R.H.S.
Hence, the result obtained above is correct.
Q9 :Solve and check result:
Answer :
Transposing y to L.H.S and 
to R.H.S, we obtain
Dividing both sides by 3, we obtain
L.H.S =
R.H.S =
L.H.S. = R.H.S.
Hence, the result obtained above is correct.
Q10 :Solve and check result:
Answer :
Transposing 5m to L.H.S, we obtain
Dividing both sides by – 2, we obtain
L.H.S =
R.H.S =
L.H.S. = R.H.S.
Hence, the result obtained above is correct.
Exercise 2.4 : Solutions of Questions on Page Number : 31
Q1 :Amina thinks of a number and subtracts
from it. She multiplies the result by 8. The result now obtained is 3 times the same number she thought of. What is the number?
Answer :
Let the number be x.
According to the given question,
= 3x
8x – 20 = 3x
Transposing 3x to L.H.S and – 20 to R.H.S, we obtain
8x – 3x = 20
5x = 20
Dividing both sides by 5, we obtain
x = 4
Hence, the number is 4.
Q2 :A positive number is 5 times another number. If 21 is added to both the numbers, then one of the new numbers becomes twice the other new number. What are the numbers?
Answer :
Let the numbers be x and 5x. According to the question,
21 + 5x = 2(x + 21)
21 + 5x = 2x + 42
Transposing 2x to L.H.S and 21 to R.H.S, we obtain
5x – 2x = 42 – 21
3x = 21
Dividing both sides by 3, we obtain
x = 7
5x = 5 x 7 = 35
Hence, the numbers are 7 and 35 respectively.
Q3 :Sum of the digits of a two digit number is 9. When we interchange the digits it is found that the resulting new number is greater than the original number by 27. What is the two-digit number?
Answer :
Let the digits at tens place and ones place be x and 9 – x respectively.
Therefore, original number = 10x + (9 – x) = 9x + 9
On interchanging the digits, the digits at ones place and tens place will be x and 9 – x respectively.
Therefore, new number after interchanging the digits = 10(9 – x) + x
= 90 – 10x + x
= 90 – 9x
According to the given question,
New number = Original number + 27
90 – 9x = 9x + 9 + 27
90 – 9x = 9x + 36
Transposing 9x to R.H.S and 36 to L.H.S, we obtain
90 – 36 = 18x
54 = 18x
Dividing both sides by 18, we obtain
3 = x and 9 – x = 6
Hence, the digits at tens place and ones place of the number are 3 and 6 respectively.
Therefore, the two-digit number is 9x + 9 = 9 x 3 + 9 = 36
Q4 :One of the two digits of a two digit number is three times the other digit. If you interchange the digit of this two-digit number and add the resulting number to the original number, you get 88. What is the original number?
Answer :
Let the digits at tens place and ones place be x and 3x respectively.
Therefore, original number = 10x + 3x = 13x
On interchanging the digits, the digits at ones place and tens place will be x and 3x respectively.
Number after interchanging = 10 x 3x + x = 30x + x = 31x
According to the given question,
Original number + New number = 88
13x + 31x = 88
44x = 88
Dividing both sides by 44, we obtain
x = 2
Therefore, original number = 13x = 13 x 2 = 26
By considering the tens place and ones place as 3x and x respectively, the two-digit number obtained is 62.
Therefore, the two-digit number may be 26 or 62.
Q5 : Shobo’s mother’s present age is six times Shobo’s present age. Shobo’s age five years from now will be one third of this mother’s present age. What are their present ages?
Answer :
Let Shobo’s age be x years. Therefore, his mother’s age will be 6x years.
According to the given question,
x + 5 = 2x
Transposing x to R.H.S, we obtain
5 = 2x – x
5 = x
6x = 6 × 5 = 30
Therefore, the present ages of Shobo and Shobo’s mother will be 5 years and 30 years respectively.
Q6 :There is a narrow rectangular plot, reserved for a school, in Mahuli village. The length and breadth of the plot are in the ratio 11:4. At the rate Rs 100 per metre it will cost the village panchayat Rs 75, 000 to fence the plot. What are the dimensions of the plot?
Answer :
Let the common ratio between the length and breadth of the rectangular plot be x. Hence, the length and breadth of the rectangular plot will be 11x m and 4x m respectively.
Perimeter of the plot = 2(Length + Breadth)
It is given that the cost of fencing the plot at the rate of Rs 100 per metre is Rs 75, 000.
∴ 100 × Perimeter = 75000
100 × 30x = 75000
3000x = 75000
Dividing both sides by 3000, we obtain
x = 25
Length = 11x m = (11 × 25) m = 275 m
Breadth = 4x m = (4 × 25) m = 100 m
Hence, the dimensions of the plot are 275 m and 100 m respectively.
Q7 :Hasan buys two kinds of cloth materials for school uniforms, shirt material that costs him Rs 50 per metre and trouser material that costs him Rs 90 per metre. For every 2 meters of the trouser material he buys 3 metres of the shirt material. He sells the materials at 12% and 10% profit respectively. His total sale is Rs 36660. How much trouser material did he buy?
Answer :
Let 2x m of trouser material and 3x m of shirt material be bought by him.
Per metre selling price of trouser material = 
= Rs 100.80
Per metre selling price of shirt material = 
= Rs 55
Given that, total amount of selling = Rs 36660
100.80 × (2x) + 55 × (3x) = 36660
201.60x + 165x = 36660
366.60x= 36660
Dividing both sides by 366.60, we obtain
x = 100
Trouser material = 2x m = (2 × 100) m = 200 m
Q8 :Half of a herd of deer are grazing in the field and three fourths of the remaining are playing nearby. The rest 9 are drinking water from the pond. Find the number of deer in the herd.
Answer :
Let the number of deer be x.
Number of deer grazing in the field =
Number of deer drinking water from the pond = 9
Multiplying both sides by 8, we obtain
x = 72
Hence, the total number of deer in the herd is 72.
Q9 :A grandfather is ten times older than his granddaughter. He is also 54 years older than her. Find their present ages
Answer :
Let the granddaughter’s age be x years. Therefore, grandfather’s age will be
10x years.
According to the question,
Grandfather’s age = Granddaughter’s age + 54 years
10x = x + 54
Transposing x to L.H.S, we obtain
10x – x = 54
9x = 54
x = 6
Granddaughter’s age = x years = 6 years
Grandfather’s age = 10x years = (10 x 6) years = 60 years
Q10 :Aman’s age is three times his son’s age. Ten years ago he was five times his son’s age. Find their present ages.
Answer :
Let Aman’s son’s age be x years. Therefore, Aman’s age will be 3x years. Ten years ago, their age was (x – 10) years and (3x – 10) years respectively.
According to the question,
10 years ago, Aman’s age = 5 x Aman’s son’s age 10 years ago
3x – 10 = 5(x – 10)
3x – 10 = 5x – 50
Transposing 3x to R.H.S and 50 to L.H.S, we obtain
50 – 10 = 5x – 3x
40 = 2x
Dividing both sides by 2, we obtain
20 = x
Aman’s son’s age = x years = 20 years
Aman’s age = 3x years = (3 x 20) years = 60 years
Exercise 2.5 : Solutions of Questions on Page Number : 33
Q1 :Solve the linear equation
Answer :
L.C.M. of the denominators, 2, 3, 4, and 5, is 60.
Multiplying both sides by 60, we obtain
⇒ 30x – 12 = 20x + 15 (Opening the brackets)
⇒ 30x – 20x = 15 + 12
⇒ 10x = 27
⇒
Q2 :Solve the linear equation
Answer :
L.C.M. of the denominators, 2, 4, and 6, is 12.
Multiplying both sides by 12, we obtain
6n – 9n + 10n = 252
⇒ 7n = 252
Q3 :Solve the linear equation
Answer :
L.C.M. of the denominators, 2, 3, and 6, is 6.
Multiplying both sides by 6, we obtain
6x + 42 – 16x = 17 – 15x
⇒ 6x – 16x + 15x = 17 – 42
⇒ 5x = – 25
Q4 :Solve the linear equation
Answer :
L.C.M. of the denominators, 3 and 5, is 15.
Multiplying both sides by 15, we obtain
5(x – 5) = 3(x – 3)
⇒ 5x – 25 = 3x – 9 (Opening the brackets)
⇒ 5x – 3x = 25 – 9
⇒ 2x = 16
Q5 :Solve the linear equation
Answer :
L.C.M. of the denominators, 3 and 4, is 12.
Multiplying both sides by 12, we obtain
3(3t – 2) – 4(2t + 3) = 8 – 12t
⇒ 9t – 6 – 8t – 12 = 8 – 12t (Opening the brackets)
⇒ 9t – 8t + 12t = 8 + 6 + 12
⇒ 13t = 26
Q6 :Solve the linear equation
Answer :
L.C.M. of the denominators, 2 and 3, is 6.
Multiplying both sides by 6, we obtain
6m – 3(m – 1) = 6 – 2(m – 2)
⇒ 6m – 3m + 3 = 6 – 2m + 4 (Opening the brackets)
⇒ 6m – 3m + 2m = 6 + 4 – 3
⇒ 5m = 7
⇒
Q7 :Simplify and solve the linear equation
Answer :
3(t – 3) = 5(2t + 1)
⇒ 3t – 9 = 10t + 5 (Opening the brackets)
⇒ – 9 – 5 = 10t – 3t
⇒ – 14 = 7t
Q8 :Simplify and solve the linear equation
Answer :
15(y – 4) – 2(y – 9) + 5(y + 6) = 0
⇒ 15y – 60 – 2y + 18 + 5y + 30 = 0 (Opening the brackets)
⇒ 18y – 12 = 0
⇒ 18y = 12
⇒
Q9 :Simplify and solve the linear equation
Answer :
3(5z – 7) – 2(9z – 11) = 4(8z – 13) – 17
⇒ 15z – 21 – 18z + 22 = 32z – 52 – 17 (Opening the brackets)
⇒ – 3z + 1 = 32z – 69
⇒ – 3z – 32z = – 69 – 1
⇒ – 35z = – 70
⇒
Q10 :Simplify and solve the linear equation
Answer :
0.25(4f – 3) = 0.05(10f – 9)
Multiplying both sides by 20, we obtain
5(4f – 3) = 10f – 9
⇒ 20f – 15 = 10f – 9 (Opening the brackets)
⇒ 20f – 10f = – 9 + 15
⇒ 10f = 6
⇒
Exercise 2.6 : Solutions of Questions on Page Number : 35
Q1 :Solve:
Answer :
On multiplying both sides by 3x, we obtain
8x – 3 = 6x
⇒ 8x – 6x = 3
⇒ 2x = 3
⇒
Q2 :Solve:
Answer :
Onmultiplying both sides by 7 – 6x, we obtain
9x = 15(7 – 6x)
⇒ 9x = 105 – 90x
⇒ 9x + 90x = 105
⇒ 99x = 105
⇒
Q3 :Solve:
Answer :
On multiplying both sides by 9(z + 15), we obtain
9z = 4(z + 15)
⇒ 9z = 4z + 60
⇒ 9z – 4z = 60
⇒ 5z = 60
⇒ z = 12
Q4 :Solve:
Answer :
On multiplying both sides by 5(2 – 6y), we obtain
5(3y + 4) = – 2(2 – 6y)
⇒ 15y + 20 = – 4 + 12y
⇒ 15y – 12y = – 4 – 20
⇒ 3y = – 24
⇒ y = – 8
Q5 :Solve:
Answer :
On multiplying both sides by 3(y + 2), we obtain
3(7y + 4) = – 4(y + 2)
⇒ 21y + 12 = – 4y – 8
⇒ 21y + 4y = – 8 – 12
⇒ 25y = – 20
⇒
Q6 :The ages of Hari and Harry are in the ratio 5:7. Four years from now the ratio of their ages will be 3:4. Find their present ages.
Answer :
Let the common ratio between their ages be x. Therefore, Hari’s age and Harry’s age will be 5x years and 7x years respectively and four years later, their ages will be (5x + 4) years and (7x + 4) years respectively.
According to the situation given in the question,
Hari’s age = 5x years = (5 × 4) years = 20 years
Harry’s age = 7x years = (7 × 4) years = 28 years
Therefore, Hari’s age and Harry’s age are 20 years and 28 years respectively.
Q7 :The denominator of a rational number is greater than its numerator by 8. If the numerator is increased by 17 and the denominator is decreased by 1, the number obtained is
. Find the rational number.
Answer :
Let the numerator of the rational number be x. Therefore, its denominator will
be x + 8.
The rational number will be
. According to the question,
⇒ 2(x + 17) = 3(x + 7)
⇒ 2x + 34 = 3x + 21
⇒ 34 – 21 = 3x – 2x
⇒13 = x
Numerator of the rational number = x = 13
Denominator of the rational number = x + 8 = 13 + 8 = 21
Rational number