NCERT TEXTBOOK QUESTIONS SOLVED Q1. How has colonialism impacted our lives? You can either focus on one aspect like culture or politics or treat them together. Ans. • British colonialism which was based on capitalism directly interfered to ensure greatest profit and benefit to British capitalism. •Every policy was geared towards the strengthening and expansion of British capitalism. •It changed the law of land as: (a)It changed not just land ownership laws but decided even what crops would be grown and what ought not to be. (b)It altered the way production and distribution of goods take place. (c)It started interfering…
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NCERT TEXTBOOK QUESTIONS SOLVED Q1.What is meant by cultural diversity? Why is India considered to be a very diverse country? Ans. • The term diversity implies differences rather than inequalities. •When we say that India is a nation of great cultural diversity, we mean that there are many different types of social groups and communities living here. •Different types of social groups and communities live here. There are communities with different cultural markers like language, religion, sect, race or caste. •India is a pluralistic society. There is unity in diversity but its excessive diversity is becoming a challenge. •When diverse…
NCERT TEXTBOOK QUESTIONS SOLVED Q1. How is social inequality different from the inequality of individual? Ans. Individual inequality refers to destructiveness and variations among individuals in their psychological and physical characteristics. Social inequality refers to a social system where some people are getting opportunity to make use of the resources and others are not. Some people are at a higher level in terms of wealth, education, health and status while others are at the lowest level. Social inequality gets manifested in following forms: (i) Social stratification (ii) Prejudices (iii) Stereotypes (iv) Discrimination Q2.What are some of the features of social…
NCERT TEXTBOOK QUESTIONS SOLVED Q1.What is meant by the phrase ‘invisible hand’? Ans. According to Adam Smith, every person looks for his own self-interest and in pursuit of this in-tum works for the self-interest of all . In this sense, there seems to be an unseen force at work that converts what is good for each individual into what is good for the society. This unseen force was called the “invisible hand’ Q2. How does a sociological perspective on markets differ from an economic one? Ans. Adam Smith and other thinkers developed the ideas of modem economics. It is based…
NCERT TEXTBOOK QUESTIONS SOLVED Q1. What is the role of the ideas of separation and hierarchy in the caste system? Ans. The caste system can be understood as the combination of two sets of principles, one based on difference and separation and the other on wholism and hierarchy. Each caste is different and strictly separated from every other caste on the basis of restrictions. These restrictions are related to marriage, food sharing and social interaction to occupation. Different and separated castes do not have an individual existence. They exist in relation to a larger whole. This societal whole or system…
NCERT TEXTBOOK QUESTIONS SOLVED Q1.Explain the basic argument of the theory of the demographic transition. Why is the transition period associated with a ‘population explosion’? Ans. Theory of demographic transition suggests that population growth in linked to overall levels of economic development and that every society follows a typical pattern of development related population growth. There are three basic phases of population growth: Stage I: Primitive Stage [Underdeveloped countries] •Low population growth in a society that is underdeveloped and technologically backward. •In such societies like Africa birth rate is high since people are unaware of the advantages of having small…
NCERT TEXTBOOK QUESTIONS SOLVED Q1.What are the main problems of national integration in India? Ans. The problems of India are linguistic identity, regionalism, demand for separate states and terrorism etc. create hindrances in the way of national integration. Due to these . problems, usually strikes, riots and mutual fights take place, which have posed a severe threat to national unity and integration. Q2. Why is sociology a distinct subject in comparison with all other subjects? Ans. Sociology is a subject with which everyone knows something about society. Other subjects are learnt at home, school or elsewhere through instructions but much…
TEXTBOOK QUESTIONS SOLVED Q1. Unscramble a bunch of disarranged press clipping file of Unni-Munni… and arrange the file chronologically. (a) Mandal Recommendations and Anti Reservation Stir. (b) Formation of Janata Dal. (c) The demolition of Babri Masjid. (d) Assassination of India Gandhi. (e) The formation of NDA government. (f) Godhra incident and its fallout. (g) Formation of UPA government. Answer: (a) Assassination of India Gandhi(1984). (b) Formation of Janata Dal (1989) (c) Mandal Recommendations and Anti Reservation Stir (1990) (d) The demolition of Babri Masjid (1992) (e) The formation of NDA government (1997) (g) Formation of UPA government (2004) Q2.…
TEXTBOOK QUESTIONS SOLVED Q1. Match the following: Answer: (a)-(iii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(ii), (d)-(i). Q2. Regional aspirations of the people of North-East get expressed in different ways. These include movements against outsiders, movement for greater autonomy and movement for separate . national existence. On the map of the North-East, using different shades for these three, show the States where these expressions are prominently found. Answer: Tripura, Mizoram and Arunachal Pradesh (See the Map at the end of the Chapter). Q3. What were the main provisions of the Punjab accord? In what way can they be the basis for further tensions between the…
TEXTBOOK QUESTIONS SOLVED Q1. Which of these statements are incorrect: The Chipko Movement (а) was an environmental movement to prevent cutting down of trees. (b) raised questions of ecological and economic exploitation. (c) was a movement against alcoholism started by the women. (d) demanded that local communities should have control over their natural resources. Answer: (c) was a movement against alcoholism started by the women. Q2. Some of the statements below are incorrect. Identify the incorrect statements and rewrite those with necessary correction. (а) Social movements are hampering the functioning of India’s democracy. (b) The main strength of social movements…